FOUNDATIONS OF DISEASE FOUR - PATHOLOGY OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR, RESPIRATORY AND MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEMS - 2023/4
Module code: VMS2004
Module Overview
This module introduces the student to the pathology of the cardiovascular, respiratory and musculoskeletal systems, including the infectious disease agents that affect these systems. The changes to the cardiovascular, respiratory and musculoskeletal systems seen with disease or invasion by viruses, bacteria, parasites and fungal agents will be introduced. These diseases will be presented in context of One Health and underpinned with clinical case examples from the various veterinary species.
Module provider
School of Veterinary Medicine
Module Leader
CONTADINI Francesca Marie (Vet Med)
Number of Credits: 15
ECTS Credits: 7.5
Framework: FHEQ Level 5
Module cap (Maximum number of students): N/A
Overall student workload
Independent Learning Hours: 101.5
Lecture Hours: 32
Practical/Performance Hours: 8.5
Guided Learning: 8
Module Availability
Semester 2
Module content
Pathology of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems – inflammatory, immune-mediated, toxic, inhalation injury, congenital disorders, degenerative
Pathology of the cardiovascular, respiratory and musculoskeletal systems – neoplasia
Haemodynamic changes: haemorrhage, hyperaemia, congestion, infarct and oedema,
Pathology of shock
Congenital deformities of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems
Pathology of Cardiac failure, decompensation and ascites
Infectious pathogen transmission by aerosol and respiratory route
Examples of gram-positive bacterial pathogens of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems - Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, Rhodococus equi, Bacillus anthracis
Examples of Gram-positive bacterial pathogens - Cardiovascular and respiratory systems
Mycobacterium spp.
Examples of Gram-negative bacterial pathogens - Cardiovascular and respiratory systems
Pasteurellaceae
Examples of Mollicutes bacterial pathogens Cardiovascular and respiratory systems
Mycoplasma spp.
Example of mycotic pathogens - Cardiovascular and respiratory systems
Aspergillus spp. and Mucor spp.
Common parasites of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems - Helminths (companion animal), life cycle and environmental control
Common Parasites Cardiovascular and respiratory systems - Helminths (large animals), life cycle and environmental control
Example of viral pathogens causing respiratory disease: Pathogenesis of Orthomyxoviridea (Influenza)
Example of viral pathogens causing respiratory disease: Pathogenesis of Arterivirus (PRRSV)
Example of viral pathogens causing respiratory disease: Pathogenesis of Paramyxoviridae
Example of viral pathogens causing respiratory disease: Pathogenesis of Herpesviridae
Host responses to injuries of the respiratory tract
Abnormalities of lung inflation and circulation (Atelectasia, emphysema, congestion)
Pulmonary oedema, haemorrhage and embolism
Classification of pneumonias
Pathology of the musculoskeletal system - inflammatory, immune-mediated, toxins, envenomations, congenital disorders and disorders of growth, degenerative, nutritional disorders (hypovitaminosis D, hypovitaminosis C)
Pathology of the musculoskeletal systems – neoplasia
Parasites of the musculoskeletal system – inclusion cysts, Toxoplasma spp., Sarcocystis spp., Trichinella spp. and their effect on meat quality and public health
Orthopaedic infections – the septic joint, the bite wound, the iatrogenic infection. Culturing for microbes from wounds
Nutritional pathology – the pathobiochemistry of dietary imbalances - biochemical & nutritional basis of disease; the use of biochemical tests for screening, diagnosis and management
Practicals
Gross pathology and histopathology of the cardiovascular system –using gross specimens, images, digital slides, angiography, echocardiographic images of valvular disorders, PDAs, real time MRIs of wall thickness disorders
Gross pathology and histopathology of the respiratory system – (upper airway, lung) – gross specimens, images, digital slides, radiographs,
Gross pathology and histopathology of the musculoskeletal system – bones, joints, muscles – using images, digital slides, CTs, MRIs –specimens and images, ultrasound of tendons as a practical with tissue specimens
Perform a post-mortem examination on a production animal
Assessment pattern
Assessment type | Unit of assessment | Weighting |
---|---|---|
Practical based assessment | PRACTICAL REPORTS | 10 |
Examination Online | ONLINE CLOSED BOOK MCQ AND SAQ EXAM FIXED START TIME (2 HOURS) | 90 |
Alternative Assessment
Resits for practical reports will involve the preparation of a reflective writing report on an area related to the failed module.
Assessment Strategy
The assessment strategy is designed to provide students with the opportunity to demonstrate
- Practical skills in performing a post mortem examination and examining, recognising, describing and interpreting pathological changes.
- Record writing ability and understanding and use of terminology
- Encourage teamwork and participation in group learning both in the practical sessions.
- Content knowledge of general pathology and infectious and non-infectious disease mechanisms
Thus, the summative assessment for this module consists of:
Content knowledge examination – 90%
Practical reports – 10%
Formative assessment and feedback
Formative example exam questions on Surreylearn
Module aims
- Introduce the terminology of systemic cardiovascular, respiratory and musculoskeletal systems pathology based on aetiopathogenesis, and gross and microscopic appearance of non-infectious, infectious and immune-mediated lesions.
- Increase the students ability to recognise, describe and interpret the abnormal and write a meaningful report of findings using the appropriate methods to record findings and images
Learning outcomes
Attributes Developed | ||
001 | Describe the basic mechanisms of infectious and non-infectious diseases and apply acquired foundation knowledge relevant to the cardiovascular, respiratory and musculoskeletal systems - RCVS 45. RCVS UK 1, UK 3, UK 5. | KP |
002 | Understand what are the causes, development and consequences of infectious and non-infectious disease of the cardiovascular, respiratory and musculoskeletal systems by using the principles of disease: injury, adaptation, inflammation, and repair - RCVS 45. RCVS UK 1, UK 5. | KPT |
003 | Perform a necropsy and examine gross and microscopic pathological specimens, to identify common pathological findings affecting the cardiovascular, respiratory and musculoskeletal systems and be able to describe lesions and interpret them using appropriate terminology and tools for collecting data - RCVS 36 and 45. | KCPT |
004 | Appreciate the commonality of the infectious and non-infectious disease process across species including concepts of One Health, One Medicine - RCVS 45. RCVS UK 1, UK 5. | KCPT |
005 | Appreciate the clinical pathological methods and tests used to distinguish disease of the cardiovascular, respiratory and musculoskeletal systems. - RCVS 31, 37 45. RCVS UK 1. | KCPT |
Attributes Developed
C - Cognitive/analytical
K - Subject knowledge
T - Transferable skills
P - Professional/Practical skills
Methods of Teaching / Learning
The learning and teaching strategy is designed to:
- Provide infectious and non-infectious disease pathology in the context of One health, One medicine
- Allow students to develop skills in performing a post mortem examination, examining specimens, describing and interpreting them.
- Provide students with the skills to record pathological findings using appropriate terminology
The learning and teaching methods include:
Lectures, flipped classroom, small group sessions, practical classes using microscopy and anatomic pathology specimens, images
Indicated Lecture Hours (which may also include seminars, tutorials, workshops and other contact time) are approximate and may include in-class tests where one or more of these are an assessment on the module. In-class tests are scheduled/organised separately to taught content and will be published on to student personal timetables, where they apply to taken modules, as soon as they are finalised by central administration. This will usually be after the initial publication of the teaching timetable for the relevant semester.
Reading list
https://readinglists.surrey.ac.uk
Upon accessing the reading list, please search for the module using the module code: VMS2004
Programmes this module appears in
Programme | Semester | Classification | Qualifying conditions |
---|---|---|---|
Veterinary Medicine and Science BVMSci (Hons) | 2 | Compulsory | A weighted aggregate mark of 50% is required to pass the module |
Please note that the information detailed within this record is accurate at the time of publishing and may be subject to change. This record contains information for the most up to date version of the programme / module for the 2023/4 academic year.